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OR24

Development of first-in-class doxycycline-inducible IL-18 secreting CAR-T cells targeting aggressive tumors

P Justicia-Lirio(1,2) M Tristán-Manzano(2) N Maldonado-Pérez(1) C Barbero-Jiménez(2) M Cortijo-Gutiérrez(1) K Pavlovic(1) P Muñoz(1,3) C Griñán(3) S A Navarro-Marchal(3) M Castella(4) M Juan(4) J Muñoz-Ballester(5) P A González-Sierra(5) J A Marchal(3) F Martín(1,3)

1:GENyO- Centro de Genomica e Investigacion Oncologica: Pfizer / Universidad de Granada / Junta de Andalucia; 2:LentiStem Biotech S.L.; 3:Universidad de Granada; 4:IDIBAPS; 5:Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves

Therapy involving T cells expressing Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) has demonstrated unprecedented success treating relapsed or refractory B-lineage neoplasms. However, the therapy has certain limitations, including severe side effects such as cytokine storms and neurotoxicity, as well as a lack of potency and persistence of CAR-T cells when interacting with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, leading to frequent relapses in liquid tumors treatment and unsuccessful responses in solid tumors treatment. These limitations indicate the need of improving CAR-T therapy. To increase the antitumor potency of CAR-T cells while preserving the safety of the therapy, we used the Lent-On-Plus system - the only transactivator-free doxycycline-inducible expression system - to control the expression of IL-18 in αCD19 CAR-T cells (iTRUCK19.18). We generated iTRUCK19.18 cells and found that IL-18 induction allowed for controlling the release of proinflammatory cytokines and the level of T cells activation. Additionally, iTRUCK19.18 cells were able to polarize pro-tumoral primary macrophages (M2) towards an antitumoral phenotype (M1) in a doxycycline-dependent manner. This resulted in an increased antitumoral activity both in vitro and in vivo in highly aggressive liquid and solid tumors models, including a Burkitt lymphoma model and a pancreatic adenocarcinoma model. Finally, we generated iTRUCK19.18 cells from patient T cells and observed that the release of IL-18 increased the elimination of primary B tumors. To our knowledge, iTRUCK19.18 cells are the first CAR-T cells described capable of controlling IL-18 production exogenously, potentially serving as an alternative to conventional CAR-T cell therapy for treating patients with certain aggressive malignant neoplasms.

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